Whether the evolutionary theory of Darwin is true?

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Сообщение №4284 от Iskandar Asadullaev , 22 июня 2009 г. 05:44:

Whether the evolutionary theory of Darwin is true?
Summary of article on address: http://www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php?st=1237921380
22:03 24.03.2009

The evolutionary theory of Darwin as special manifestation of philosophical category proves its truth. Reflexing proportion (adequacy, correspondence to one dimension)

Recently new disputes have been held all over the world on old times, with launched fight against evolutionary theory of Darwin, opponents undertake new attack, raising
world outlook issues, without paying attention that this theory is closely connected with the philosophy as a science, new aspects of which confirm the theory of life evolution on the Earth.

One of main ideas of Charles Darwin is expressed by the concept of adaptation of organism to the changing environment. "The concept of survival of the most adapted, -
are writing C.Willi and V.Detyeu, - is a core of the theory of natural selection "(C.Willi, V.Detyeu. Biology. - Moscow: Mir, 1975, p. 220).
It happened so, that in philosophy the fact that Darwin discovered in explicitly distinct form, has existed since long time ago in other aspects which have not been systematically and concretely developed, compared to the case as was with Darwin. According to Hegel "one" becomes "something changed" in one aspect, and in the other there is a reflexion of this "one" through reversal of reflection to itself of other changed subject.
If to start from concept of expansion of similarity and a principle of genetic proportion, or the fact that one generates something other, similar to itself, than the
concept of adaptation is combined with concept of expansion of similarity, but has the concrete mechanism, giving certainty to the evolutionary theory of Darwin.

In the history of science much was written about change of one subject through interaction with another subject and their mutual changes. The number of such doctrines is endless.

However it is common position, and it does not have sufficient certainty today. The idea about interrelation and mutual changes was cardinal certainty in fighting metaphysics. Its modern certainty arises with the notion of adaptation when things tend to change according to principle of proportion.". The "One" impacts the "another", changing it and being reflected in it, but reflexion reverses to the "one", transforming it into "the other". This returned reflexion has also proportion of the second thing. The thing cannot change without interaction. The change of any thing can be caused by its internal reasons, but not outside interaction with other things. Interaction is reflexion which from one proportion leads to another proportion. "One" becomes "the other" through interaction with that other thing and in proportion to other thing.

The thing alienates from itself in interaction and becomes changed, reversing to itself through achieving proportion of other thing.
Here we see the specific adaptation of organism to the changed environment. The changing environment results in discord (disparity), the biological mechanism of organism restores proportion – but a new one. But in biology, probably, there is no absolute discord and absolute proportion, they exist in various "proportions" and correlation depending on aspects of life.
Here it is relevant to speak about such universal categories, as discord and proportions (gurmony). The dialectics of categories of discord and proportion define any interaction of two or more things, or movement of "one" with itself.

The attempt of "interpreting" biological concepts by means of philosophical concepts and categories is required to understand philosophical fundamentality of the evolutionary theory of Darwin, containing a core of the universal link, manifesting everywhere, but in his case in the biological form and at biological level. This link as overall philosophical universality may be called reflexing proportion. It is one of mechanisms of expansion of similarity as universal part of objective reality (See.: I. K Assadullaev "Beauty, love and eternal movement. 16 new categories: reading Aristotle, Avicennae, Hegel" - Dushanbe: Donish. 2008. The book is available in Dushanbe, Almaty, Moscow libraries).

Any organism interacts with changing environment. The environment has many various factors and phenomena which occasionally influence the organism. However all this occasional phenomena and factors in environment for organism have overall quality, important for it. For example, going out of amphibious from water to land. On the land there are thousands of occasional factors, but all of them drastically differ from soft water, they are hard, and this is the changed "other thing", which has to overcome discord and establish by change of organism new proportions. New quality of environment dominates as change of habitat for organism.

There is a discord between organism and environment instead of previously exiting proportion. There is a need to establishment new proportion. The organism and habitat is constantly interacting parties by mutual and reciprocal reflexion, it means there is reflexing proportion. It is universal. In still nature there is no accelerating proportion as in wildlife. But also in wildlife there is no universal progress of organisms. There is reflecting proportion, but not on the way of a constant aromorphosis or negentropy. On a planet there are many organisms of deadlock development. Pierre Tejar de Sharden in his books showed, that arthropods, having evolved to a certain limit, could not have developed further like those organisms which led to evolution of human being. Realisation of new and new proportion Darwin called as adaptability.
Thus it is necessary to keep in mind, that proportion is realized according to dialectic unity of discontinuous (interrupted) and continuous categories. Mutation which is proportional to the changed environment is at the same time something discontinuous, "quantum" of proportion, life “quantum”.
Expansion of biological concepts and ideas in philosophy highlights new aspects of reality. Reflexing proportion is characteristic for any interacting things as any interaction is not zero in time. Even if interaction time tends to zero, but differs from zero, even in this case we have something stable within shortest period of time, thus, as manifestation of reflecting proportion. Probably, such cases are met in microcosm, macrocosm, and megaworld.
Planets round the Sun pass various trajectories and thus influence a trajectory of the Sun, which, though slightly changing its trajectory, influences movement of planets. And here again we have mutual reciprocal reflexing proportion, as elsewhere. Each interaction generates a new discord and new proportion. Any thing at interaction alienates itself from itself and reverses to itself, having changed, but already being proportional to the changed thing as well.
Hegel’s thesis - antithesis and synthesis is higher level of generalization whereas the universal law of reflexing proportion has more concrete dialectic mechanism including biological mechanism of evolution as well. Classics noted that high generalizations have little concrete clarity. The universal law of reflexing proportion contains more concrete dialectics, than the law of unity and conflict of contradictions, negation of negation and so on.

Here it is possible to judge in favor of existence of “quantum” of movement, irrespective of the sizes of object. At the same time there is opportunity of experimental detection of advancing of discord in every reflexing proportion, irrespective of the length of time. There are three aspects of a problem. According to the first aspect, it should be probably stated, that the discord and new harmony do not coincide completely in time nowhere and never. The reason comes first, followed by consequence.

The discord comes earlier then new proportion and it can be obviously seen in movement of the Sun and planets, in a microcosm, macrocosm, and mega world. In our opinion, it is importance for all spheres of knowledge, and coming discord ahead of new proportion is obviously seen in biology.

If pursuing this thought we come to the idea that, for example, in real mechanics there can not be any absolutely "smooth" - continuous –growing movement of an accelerated body, and in reality there are straightly accelerated jumps - movement “quanta”. As for curve movement it consists of zigzags, probably, very inconspicuous. The "small" zigzag makes "a road bed “ of a curve trajectory. But this zigzag is especially seen in biology through life “quanta” - mutations.

It means in mechanic and physics there is quantum – discontinuous evolution of proportion. It is in addition to what is known on the problem of discontinuous and continuous in movement. In such view, straightly moving, but accelerated body, moves by jumps, and crookedly moving body under the influence of for example of gravitation which is also discontinuous, has the zigzag movement within in a curve trajectory. It means, that movement is quantum - irrespective of the sizes of object.

According to the above mentioned option, it is very important, that absolutely "smooth" –discontinuous - accelerated body along the straight line or "smooth" discontinuous curve in reality do not exist, not only because of impact of other subjects, but because discord come ahead of new proportion. If in a reality there can be absolutely continuous "smooth" acceleration of body or a smooth curve, then this is the case of absolute coincidence of discord and proportion in time, and it suggests absolutely new interpretation of problem. This is already the second option of a problem with other solutions. But there can be also the third option when in some spheres of reality the discord comes ahead of new proportion, and in others cases they coincide.

Each movement or development takes place in the process of internal and external interaction according to dialectics of categories of discord and proportion.

This dialectic core was raised on by Charles Darwin at biological level in his evolutionary theory, and interpreted. Fighting for existence is unusually difficult and multidimensional manifestation of dialectics of a discord and proportion, reflexing proportions.

To our mind, it is impossible to speak on the aspect of contradiction and proportion, as contradictions in this aspect are expressions of discord, which includes also a concept of difference. In discord, difference grows into contradiction. This position allows to admit movement and development also on the basis of variety of differences, realized as contradiction in its intensity. It means there is no rest between difference and contradiction. They constantly pass into each other. The contradiction can have proportion, as however, discord can. The discord has the harmony of accident, rupture, destruction, death, but not harmony of proportion. Here there is no tautology. Accident for one relation can be proportion for another one. We can’t but recollect the words of Alexander Block: "And fight again, rest is only in our dreams!" Or Napoleon Bonaparte's words: "It is important to get involved into the battle, and then we’ll see!". Or it is relevant to cite Bismarck, when he was asked: "Mister Chancellor, how did you spent this night?", he answered: "Fine, I have been hating the whole night!".

The categories of discord and proportion, their dialectics, manifesting in universal dialectic law – reflexing proportion –once again prove objective truth of evolution theory of Darwin. The laws and categories of dialectics are infinite. The name of Darwin is immortal.

Iskandar Asadullaev
Doctor of Philosophy,
Member of the International Hegel-Gesellschaft
April 11, 2009 Dushanbe, Tojikiston

Iskandar Kurbanovich Asadullaev
734064, Apt. 52, 73/2 Ismoily Somony Str.
Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Phone:(992 372) 35-16-59 Fax:(992 372) 51-04-04
E-mail: dr_asadullaev@mail.ru

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> Whether the evolutionary theory of Darwin is true?
> Summary of article on address: http://www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php?st=1237921380
> 22:03 24.03.2009

> The evolutionary theory of Darwin as special manifestation of philosophical category proves its truth. Reflexing proportion (adequacy, correspondence to one dimension)

> Recently new disputes have been held all over the world on old times, with launched fight against evolutionary theory of Darwin, opponents undertake new attack, raising
> world outlook issues, without paying attention that this theory is closely connected with the philosophy as a science, new aspects of which confirm the theory of life evolution on the Earth.

> One of main ideas of Charles Darwin is expressed by the concept of adaptation of organism to the changing environment. "The concept of survival of the most adapted, - 
> are writing C.Willi and V.Detyeu, - is a core of the theory of natural selection "(C.Willi, V.Detyeu. Biology. - Moscow: Mir, 1975, p. 220). 
> It happened so, that  in philosophy the fact that Darwin discovered in explicitly distinct form, has existed since long time ago in other aspects which have not been systematically and concretely developed, compared to the case as was with Darwin. According to Hegel "one" becomes "something changed" in one aspect, and in the other there is a reflexion of this "one" through reversal of reflection to itself of other changed subject.
> If to start from concept of expansion of similarity and a principle of genetic proportion, or the fact that one generates something other, similar to itself, than the 
> concept of adaptation is combined with concept of expansion of similarity, but has the concrete mechanism, giving certainty to the evolutionary theory of Darwin.

> In the history of science much was written about change of one subject through interaction with another subject and their mutual changes. The number of such doctrines is endless.

> However it is common position, and it does not have sufficient certainty today. The idea about interrelation and mutual changes was cardinal certainty in fighting metaphysics. Its modern certainty arises with the notion of adaptation when  things tend to change according to principle of proportion.". The "One" impacts the "another", changing it and being reflected in it, but reflexion reverses to the "one", transforming it into  "the other". This returned reflexion has also proportion of the second thing. The thing cannot change without interaction. The change of any thing can be caused by its internal reasons, but not outside interaction with other things. Interaction is reflexion which from one proportion leads to another proportion. "One" becomes "the other" through interaction with that other thing and in proportion to other thing.

> The thing alienates from itself in interaction and becomes changed, reversing to itself through achieving proportion of other thing. 
> Here we see the specific adaptation of organism to the changed environment. The changing environment results in discord (disparity), the biological mechanism of  organism restores proportion – but a new one. But in biology, probably, there is no absolute discord and absolute proportion, they exist in various "proportions" and correlation depending on aspects of life.
> Here it is relevant to speak about such universal categories, as discord and proportions (gurmony). The dialectics of categories of discord and proportion define any interaction of two or more things, or movement of "one" with itself.

> The attempt of "interpreting" biological concepts by means of philosophical concepts and categories is required to understand philosophical fundamentality of the evolutionary theory of Darwin, containing a core of the universal link, manifesting everywhere, but in his case in the biological form and at biological level. This link as overall philosophical universality may be called reflexing proportion. It is one of mechanisms of expansion of similarity as universal part of objective reality (See.: I. K Assadullaev "Beauty, love and eternal movement. 16 new categories: reading Aristotle, Avicennae, Hegel" - Dushanbe: Donish. 2008. The book is available in Dushanbe, Almaty, Moscow libraries).

> Any organism interacts with changing environment. The environment has many various factors and phenomena which occasionally influence the organism. However all this occasional phenomena and factors in environment for organism have overall quality, important for it. For example, going out of amphibious from water to land. On the land there are thousands of occasional factors, but all of them drastically differ from soft water, they are hard, and this is the changed "other thing", which has to overcome  discord and establish by change of organism new proportions. New quality of environment dominates as change of habitat for organism.

> There is a discord between organism and environment instead of previously exiting proportion. There is a need to establishment new proportion. The organism and habitat is constantly interacting parties by mutual and reciprocal reflexion, it means there is  reflexing proportion. It is universal. In still nature there is no accelerating proportion as in  wildlife. But also in wildlife there is no universal progress of organisms. There is reflecting proportion, but not on the way of a constant aromorphosis or negentropy. On a planet there are many organisms of deadlock development. Pierre Tejar de Sharden in his books showed, that arthropods, having evolved to a certain limit, could not have developed further like those organisms which led to evolution of human being. Realisation of new and new proportion Darwin called as adaptability. 
> Thus it is necessary to keep in mind, that proportion is realized according to dialectic unity of discontinuous (interrupted) and continuous categories. Mutation which is proportional to the changed environment is at the same time something discontinuous, "quantum" of proportion,  life “quantum”.
> Expansion of biological concepts and ideas in philosophy highlights new aspects of reality. Reflexing proportion is characteristic for any interacting things as any interaction is not zero in time. Even if interaction time tends to zero, but differs from zero, even in  this case we have something stable within shortest period of time, thus, as manifestation of reflecting proportion. Probably, such cases are met in microcosm, macrocosm, and  megaworld.
> Planets round the Sun pass various trajectories and thus influence a trajectory of the Sun, which, though slightly changing its trajectory, influences movement of planets. And here again we have mutual reciprocal reflexing proportion, as elsewhere. Each interaction generates a new discord and new proportion. Any thing at interaction alienates itself from itself and reverses to itself, having changed, but already being proportional to the changed thing as well.
> Hegel’s thesis - antithesis and synthesis is higher level of generalization whereas the universal law of reflexing proportion has more concrete dialectic mechanism including biological mechanism of evolution as well. Classics noted that high generalizations have little concrete clarity. The universal law of reflexing proportion contains more concrete dialectics, than the law of unity and conflict of contradictions, negation of negation and so on.

> Here it is possible to judge in favor of existence of “quantum” of movement, irrespective of the sizes of object. At the same time there is opportunity of experimental detection of advancing of discord in every reflexing proportion, irrespective of the length of time. There are three aspects of a problem. According to the first aspect, it should be probably  stated, that the discord and new harmony do not coincide completely in time nowhere and never. The reason comes first, followed by consequence.

> The discord comes earlier then new proportion and it can be obviously seen in movement of the Sun and planets, in a microcosm, macrocosm, and mega world. In our opinion, it is  importance for all spheres of knowledge, and coming discord ahead of  new proportion is obviously seen in biology.

> If pursuing this thought we come to the idea that, for example, in real mechanics there can not be any absolutely "smooth" - continuous –growing movement of an accelerated body, and in reality there are straightly accelerated jumps - movement “quanta”. As for curve movement it consists of zigzags, probably, very inconspicuous. The "small" zigzag makes "a road bed “ of a curve trajectory. But this zigzag is especially seen in biology through life “quanta” - mutations.

> It means in mechanic and physics there is quantum – discontinuous evolution of  proportion. It is in addition to what is known on the problem of discontinuous and  continuous in movement. In such view, straightly moving, but accelerated body, moves by jumps, and crookedly moving body under the influence of for example of gravitation which is also discontinuous, has the zigzag movement within in a curve trajectory. It means, that movement is quantum - irrespective of the sizes of object.
>  
> According to the above mentioned option, it is very important, that absolutely "smooth" –discontinuous - accelerated body along the straight line or "smooth" discontinuous curve in  reality do not exist, not only because of impact of other subjects, but because discord come ahead of new proportion. If in a reality there can be absolutely continuous "smooth" acceleration of body or a smooth curve, then this is the case of absolute coincidence of discord and proportion in time, and it suggests absolutely new interpretation of  problem. This is already the second option of a problem with other solutions. But there can be also the third option when in some spheres of reality the discord comes ahead of new proportion, and in others cases they coincide.

> Each movement or development takes place in the process of internal and external interaction according to dialectics of categories of discord and proportion.

> This dialectic core was raised on by Charles Darwin at biological level in his evolutionary theory, and interpreted. Fighting for existence is unusually difficult and multidimensional manifestation of dialectics of a discord and proportion, reflexing proportions.

> To our mind, it is impossible to speak on the aspect of contradiction and proportion, as  contradictions in this aspect are expressions of discord, which includes also a concept of difference. In discord, difference grows into contradiction. This position allows to admit movement and development also on the basis of variety of differences, realized as contradiction in its intensity. It means there is no rest between difference and contradiction. They constantly pass into each other. The contradiction can have proportion, as however, discord can. The discord has the harmony of accident, rupture, destruction, death, but not harmony of proportion. Here there is no tautology. Accident for one relation can be proportion for another one. We can’t but recollect the words of Alexander Block: "And fight again, rest is only in our dreams!" Or Napoleon Bonaparte's words: "It is important to get involved into the battle, and then we’ll see!". Or it is relevant to cite Bismarck, when he was asked: "Mister Chancellor, how did you spent this night?", he answered: "Fine, I have been hating the whole night!".

> The categories of discord and proportion, their dialectics, manifesting in universal dialectic law  – reflexing proportion –once again prove objective truth of evolution theory of Darwin. The laws and categories of dialectics are infinite. The name of Darwin is immortal.

> 
> Iskandar Asadullaev
> Doctor of Philosophy,
> Member of the International Hegel-Gesellschaft
> April 11, 2009 Dushanbe, Tojikiston

> Iskandar Kurbanovich Asadullaev
> 734064, Apt. 52, 73/2 Ismoily Somony Str.
> Dushanbe, Tajikistan
> Phone:(992 372) 35-16-59 Fax:(992 372) 51-04-04
> E-mail: dr_asadullaev@mail.ru

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